Summary: Sociological studies of Islam and science are limited in number and scope, with existing studies reinforcing a “deficit model approach” that shows religion as an obstacle to public understanding and acceptance of science (Carlisle et al. 2019 p. 150, Jones et al. 2023). This project locates the study of Islam within the growing field of the sociological study of science and religion, aiming to diversify the field further by exploring how scientific rationalism and belief may coexist (Catto et al. 2019). The study of Islam and science presents an important site for exploring alternative pathways of modernity and “enchanted moderns” (Deeb 2006) that defies the simple equation of modernity with non-religious rationalism. Building on a key development in Anglo-American sociological studies of religion and science that turns to study how people come to relate to science in personally meaningful ways (Evans 2021, Ecklund 2021, Jones et al. 2020, Sharp